Rectangular Micro-Strip Patch Antenna

RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA
Micro-strip is a type of electrical transmission line which can be fabricated using printed circuit board technology, and is used to convey microwave-frequency signals. It consists of a conducting strip separated from a ground plane by a dielectric layer known as the substrate.

In telecommunication, a microstrip antenna (also known as a printed antenna) usually means an antenna fabricated using micro-strip techniques on a printed circuit board (PCB).[1] They are mostly used at microwave frequencies. An individual microstrip antenna consists of a patch of metal foil of various shapes (a patch antenna) on the surface of a PCB, with a metal foil ground plane on the other side of the board. Most micro-strip antennas consist of multiple patches in a two-dimensional array. The antenna is usually connected to the transmitter or receiver through foil micro-strip transmission lines. The radio frequency current is applied (or in receiving antennas the received signal is produced) between the antenna and ground plane. Micro-strip antennas have become very popular in recent decades due to their thin planar profile which can be incorporated into the surfaces of consumer products, aircraft and missiles; their ease of fabrication using printed circuit  techniques; the ease of integrating the antenna on the same board with the rest of the circuit, and the possibility of adding active devices such as microwave integrated circuits to the antenna itself to make active antennas.

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